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'' |image = 200px |caption = The collar badge of the Order, which depicts Our Lady of the Annunciation, is worn on the feast day of the Most Holy Annunciation. |awarded_by = |type = Dynastic order of knighthood |house = House of Savoy |motto = ''F.E.R.T.'' (Fortitudo Eius Rhodum Tulit; ''By his bravery he conquered Rhodes'') |eligibility = Military and civilian |for = *Eminent service in high military positions *Distinguished civil service *Bringing distinction upon Italy *Rendering great service to the House of Savoy |campaign = |status = Currently constituted |head_title = Grand Master |head = Disputed: *Vittorio Emanuele, Prince of Naples *Prince Amedeo, Duke of Aosta |grades = Knight (''Cavaliere'') |description = |clasps = |established = c. 1362 — Amadeus VI, Count of Savoy |first_award = |last_award = |total = |posthumous = |recipients = |individual = |higher = |same = |lower = Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus |related = |image2 = |caption2 = Ribbon bar of the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation }} The Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation (Italian: ''Ordine Supremo della Santissima Annunziata'') is an order of chivalry, or knighthood, originating in mediaeval Italy. It eventually was the pinnacle of the honours system in the Kingdom of Italy, which ceased to be a national order when the kingdom became a republic in 1946. Today, the order continues as a dynastic order under the jurisdiction of the Head of the House of Savoy, Victor Emmanuel, Prince of Naples, who is the order's hereditary Sovereign and Grand Master. ==History and statutes== The origins of the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation begins in 1362, when Amadeus VI, Count of Savoy (1343-1383) instituted the order's earliest designation, under the title of Order of the Collar.〔''Syr Gawayn and the Grene Knyzt-(Concluded)'', J. R. Hulbert, Modern Philology, Vol. 13, No. 12 (Apr., 1916), 140.〕 Even at this time, the order was dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary,〔 who is celebrated as "Our Lady of the Annunciation." Thus, the order is a dynastic religious (or Catholic) order of chivalry. Under its first formulation, the order had fifteen knights.〔 The number was symbolic of the number of daily masses celebrated with the order. In 1409, Amadeus VIII, Duke of Savoy, gave the order its first known statutes, and in 1434, he extended the order to five more knights. Amadeus VIII's statutes were subsequently amended and reformed by Charles III, Duke of Savoy in 1518, by Emanuele Filiberto, Duke of Savoy in 1570, and thereafter by succeeding Sovereigns. The most recent took place on 11 June 1985 by HRH Victor Emmanuel, Prince of Naples and hereditary Grand Master of the order. It was in 1518, that many of the present designations were instituted. Most importantly, the order's name was changed to its current name, The Most Holy Order of the Annunciation. The badge of the order was also changed, with the representation of the Blessed Virgin Mary being added. The order, throughout its early history and following the reforms of Charles III, was awarded for supreme recognition of distinguished services. The order constituted a kind of religious and military fraternity between the Sovereign Head of the Order and his companions; it was reserved exclusively to distinguished men-at-arms who, apart from exemplary service, had to be of illustrious birth, particularly of catholic and noble birth. Eventually, it was deemed appropriate to recognize also those who had rendered distinguished service to the Kingdom of Italy (and now the House of Savoy) in the exercise of high civil offices, not requiring, when a such achievements could be demonstrated, nobility of birth as well. Today, the order holds the following other regulations: *The number of knights of the Supreme Order of the most Holy Annunciation shall be, as in the past, twenty. *The right to appoint knights and officers of the Order appertains exclusively to the Sovereign Head. Nevertheless, when there are vacancies, the Sovereign Head meets with the Chapter of knights to hear their advice on the proposal of candidates whom he alone may select. *The knights shall be chosen from distinguished individuals in recognition of their eminent services in high military positions, as well as from those who have distinguished themselves in senior positions in the civil service, and from those who, as private citizens have brought distinction upon Italy as exemplary benefactors of the Nation or of Mankind, or have rendered particularly noteworthy services to the Royal House of Savoy. *Knights must have already been awarded the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus. *Knights must be Catholic. In rare occasions, a non-Catholic may be awarded the order. However, they may only be honorary members of the order. In 1925, a law was passed on the day before Christmas which made the Head of Government the Secretary of the Order, and stipulated that he would preside over the Knights of the Order at public functions and ceremonies. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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